Windmill construction.



E. F. BALDWIN.

WINDMILL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIGATION FILED APB. 24, 1909.

959@9 Patented Mar. 15, 1910.

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E. P. BALDWIN.

WINDMILL CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED APR. 24, 1909.

Patented Mar. 15, 1910.

WJTNESSES:

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EMERSON F. BALDWIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

WINDMILL CONSTRUCTION.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMERSON F. BALDWIN, a citizen of the United Stat-es,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inlVindmill Construction, of which the following is a speciiication.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a wind-millconstruction in which a pair of wind-power wheels carried at theopposite ends of a horizontally arranged shaft are equally balanced upona tower; said shaft being arranged to move freely in a horizontal plane,so that the said shaft will always be at right angles to currents ofair.

A further object of the invention is to provide a wind-mill constructionin which the wind-power wheels are so arranged upon the power shaft thatthe wings or vanes thereof are afforded a reciprocal movement and whenabove the horizontal plane of the shaft face the wind and when below thehorizontal plane of the shaft cut the wind.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide meanswhereby the operation of the wind-mill may be automatically or manuallystopped by causing all of the wings or vanes of the wind-power wheels tocut the wind in contradistinction from facing the wind.

Other objects of the invention relate to general details of constructionand arrangement of parts as will hereinafter more fully appear.

The invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described andfinally claimed.

The nature, characteristic features and sco e of the invention will bemore fully understood from the. following description taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof and inwhich:

Figure 1, is a view of the upper portion of a wind-mill, embodying theinvention, said view being partly sectioned, Fig. 2, is a view in plantaken upon the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, Fig". 3, is a fragmentary view of adetail of construction shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4, is a det-ail viewpartly sectioned, illustrating the position of one of the wings 0r vanesof a wind-power wheel when cut- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 24, 1909.

Serial No. 492,041.

ting the wind at a period when the machine has been brought to rest.

In the drawings, the tower which may be of any suitable construction isdesignated 1. Surmounting the tower is a fixed plate 2, provided with atooth ring 3, forming a circular track. Adapted to travel around thistrack are cog-wheels 4, surmounting which is a rotatable plate 5,provided with a tooth ring 6, meshing with the cog-wheels 4. The plates2 and 5, are provided with flanges 7, that serve to retain in properposition the various parts. Arranged diametrically with respect to theplate 5, and capable of rotating around its own axis as well as horizontally in its plane is a shaft 8, the ends of which extend beyond thetower. Carried by and xed to the respective ends of the shaft 8, aremembers 9, provided with sockets for the reception of a series ofradially extending arms 10, that are arranged at right angles to theshaft S. Movably mounted upon each of these arms 10, are two blocks 11,and 11a, provided with cam-surfaces 12, which coperate with fixed pins13, on the arms 10, for a purpose to be presently described. Havingfixed relation with these blocks and connecting each pair of blocks oneach of the arms 10, are strips 14. Extending at right angles from thesestrips 14, are a series of rods 15, that support blades 16, that go tomake up the wings or vanes of the wind-power wheels.

In operation as the wind-power wheels just described are moved to facethe wind through the instrumentality of the rudder 17, the plate 5, willpartially revolve, thereby turning the wind-power wheels sufficiently tocause all of the vanes above the horizontal plane of the shaft 8, toface currents of air, or, in other words, to lie in the same plane withthe shaft 8. As currents of air impinge upon the vanes of the wind-powerwheel above the horizontal plane of shaft 8, the wheels are caused torotate around their own axis. As the arms 10, of these wheels rotatearound their own axis and pass beyond the horizontal plane of the shaft8, either going up or coming down, the vanes thereof gravitate therebycausing the camsurfaces 12, of the blocks 11 or 11a, to act upon thefixed pins 13, and move for a quarter turn the blade 16, so that abovethe Patented Mar. 15, 1910.

horizontal plane of the shaft 8, said blades face the wind and below thehorizontal plane of said shaft cut the wind. In other words, the blades16, have been moved from the position shown in the upper portion of Fig.1, to the position shown in the lower portion thereof.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 2 and 3, a description will begiven of the manner of either automatically or mannally causing thestoppage of the wind-mill. Extending diametrically across the plate 5,is a beam 1S, having hinged relation with which as at 19, is anobliquely extending rod 20, provided at its upper end with a wind-plate21, and at its lower end with a counterweight 22 (see Fig. 3). The rod20, may be held in such oblique position by means of a chain 23. Freelyconnected with the rod 20, are connections 24, that extend rearwardlyfrom said rod 20, and terminate in rings 25, that are connected withcollars of shiftable members 26, having keyed relation with the shaft S,as at 27. These shiftable members 26, may be provided with plates 28,passing through which are stems 29, that contact with blocks 30, mountedso as to be rotatable around each of the arms 10. The stems 29, areprovided with nuts or the like 31, connecting which and the plates 28,are springs 32. The blocks 30, are provided with pins 33, adapted toengage with a series of notches 34, upon the blocks 11a` of each rod 10.In the normal operation of the wind-mill, the above described mechanismremains idle in the position shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. This is due tothe fact that the weight 22, is so arranged that ordinary currents ofair will not affect the wind plate 21. However, should a great winddisturbance take place, currents of air will drive the wind plate 21, inthe direction of the arrow (see Fig. 3), thus spreading the rods 24, andshift the members 2G, in the directions of the arrows (see Fig. 2), tocause the blocks 30, on the arms 10, to sufficiently rotate around thesearms so that the pins 33, will engage one of the notches 34., of themembers 11, as each vane of the power wheels drops below the horizontalplane of the shaft S, thereby causing all of the vanes of the powerwheel to be substantially at right angles to the power shaft 8, asclearly illustrated in Fig. 1. The strength of the wind impinging uponthe plate 21, determines the heightto which the weight 22, is raised andthe consequent distance through which the blocks 30, will rotate andwill also determine under which of the notches 34, the pins 38, willassume their positions. In this way, the strength of the wind determinesthe angle at which the vanes above the horizontal plane of the shaft 8,present themselves to the wind. By these means, the vanes of the powerwheel will cut the wind in contradistinction from facing it, therebybringing to a stand-still the mechanism of the wind-mill. As shown inFig. 3, manual means as 35, is shown for accomplishing the same result.

That I claim is 1. In combination a tower, a horizontally arranged shaftupon said tower and capable of being rotated around its own axis and ofbeing revolved in a horizontal plane, windpower wheels carried by therespective ends of said shaft said wheels comprising a series ofradially arranged arms carrying reciprocating gravity vanes wherebyduring the operation of the apparatus the vanes above the horizontalplane of said shaft face the wind and the vanes below the horizontalplane of said shaft cut the wind and means operatively connected withsaid shaft for transmitting power.

2. In a wind-mill construction a horizontally arranged shaft, wind-powerwheels at the respective ends thereof comprising a series of radiallyarranged arms carrying vanes, capable of a reciprocating movement forthe purpose of presenting wind-receiving and cutting surfaces, and meansfor shutting off said reciprocating movement.

3. A wind mill construction comprising a tower provided at its top witha horizontally arranged shaft, wind-power wheels at the respective endsthereof comprising a series of radially arranged arms, vane-carryingmeans provided with cam surfaces rotatably and slidably mounted thereon,fixed pins carried by said arms for cooperating with said cam surfaces,vanes carried by said means whereby as the vanes gravitate all vanesabove the horizontal plane of said shaft are caused to face the wind andall vanes below the horizontal plane of said shaft are caused to cut thewind. l. In a wind mill construction the combination of a tower, a platerotatably mounted thereon, a horizontally arranged shaft penetratingsaid plate and rotatable therewith and capable of rotation around itsown axis, radially arranged larms at the respective ends of said shaft,rigid fanes afforded a rotary-reciprocating and slidable movement withrespect to said arms and mechanism operatively connected with said vanesfor causing the vanes above the horizontal plane of said shaft to bemoved around their own axes.

5. In a wind-mill construction the combination of a tower a platerotatably mounted thereon, a horizontally arranged shaft rotatablymounted in said plate, radially arranged arms at the respective ends ofsaid shaft, fixed pins carried by said arms, members carrying cam facesslidably mounted with respect to said arms, said cam faces being adaptedto coperate With the fixed pins, vanes rigidly fixed to said frames7said frames being adapted during the rotation of said shaft to gravitateand turn said vanes whereby all the vanes above the horizontal plane ofsaid shaft are made to face the Wind and all vanes below the horizontalplane of said shaft to out the Wind and means for preventing theoperation of said vanes.

In a Wind-mill construction a horizontally arranged shaft, Wind powerWheels at the respective ends thereof said wheels comprising a series ofradially arranged arms,

having rotatably and slidably mounted thereon gravity vanes adaptedautomatic- 15 ally When above the horizontal plane of said shaft to facethe Wind and When below the horizontal plane of said shaft to out theWind.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto 20 signed my name.

EMERSON F. BALDVIN.

`Witnessesz lViLLIAM J. JACKSON, MABEL KIMMIG.

